Wasakhowga warshadaha dharka
● Sun Ruizhe, oo madax ka ah Golaha Qaranka ee Dharka iyo Dharka ee Shiinaha, ayaa mar ka sheegay Shir-madaxeedka Hal-abuurka Cimilada iyo Dharka ee 2019 in warshadaha dharka iyo dharka ay noqdeen warshadaha wasakheynta labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka, oo ka xigta oo keliya warshadaha saliidda;
● Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga soo xigtay Ururka Dhaqaalaha Wareega ee Shiinaha, qiyaastii 26 milyan oo tan oo dhar duug ah ayaa lagu tuuraa qashinka gudaha waddankayga sannad kasta, tiradan waxay kordhin doontaa 50 milyan tan ka dib 2030;
● Marka loo eego qiyaasta Golaha Qaranka ee Dharka iyo Dharka ee Shiinaha, dalkaygu wuxuu tuurayaa dunta qashinka ah sanad kasta, oo u dhiganta 24 milyan oo tan oo saliid ceyriin ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan dharka duugga ah ayaa weli lagu tuuraa qashin-qubka ama gubashada, labaduba waxay sababi doonaan wasakh deegaan oo halis ah.
Xalka dhibaatooyinka wasakhowga - fiilooyinka bio-based
Fiilooyinka synthetic ee dunta guud ahaan waxay ka samaysan yihiin alaabta ceeriin ee petrochemical, sida fiilooyinka polyesterka (polyester), fiilooyinka polyamide (nylon ama naylon), fiilooyinka polyacrylonitrile (fiyuubyada akril), iwm.
● Iyadoo ay sii kordhayso yaraanta kheyraadka shidaalka iyo baraaruga dadka ee ku aaddan ilaalinta deegaanka. Dawladuhu waxay kaloo bilaabeen inay qaadaan tillaabooyin kala duwan si loo dhimo isticmaalka kheyraadka shidaalka iyo in la helo ilo badan oo deegaanka u wanaagsan oo la cusboonaysiin karo si loo beddelo.
● Iyadoo ay saamaysay shidaal yarida iyo dhibaatooyinka deegaanka, xarumaha wax soo saarka fiber kiimikaad ee dhaqameed sida Maraykanka, Midowga Yurub, iyo Japan ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah uga baxay wax soo saarka fiber kiimikaad ee caadiga ah, waxayna u jeesteen fiilooyinka bio-based fibers kuwaas oo faa'iido badan leh oo aan saameyn ku yeelan kheyraadka ama deegaanka.
Maaddooyinka polyester-ka ee bio-based (PET/PEF) waxaa loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista fiilooyinka bio-ku-saleysan iyomaqaarka biobased.
Warbixintii ugu dambeysay ee "Textile Herald" ee ku saabsan "Dib u eegis iyo Rajada Tignoolajiyada Dharka Adduunka", waxaa lagu tilmaamay:
● PET 100% bio-based ayaa hogaanka u qabatay soo galida warshadaha cuntada, sida cabitaanada Coca-Cola, Heinz food, iyo baakadaha alaabta nadiifinta, waxayna sidoo kale gashay wax soo saarka fiber-ka ee noocyada isboortiga ee caanka ah sida Nike;
100% PET-ku-salaysan noolaha ama shaadhka PEF-ku-salaysan noolaha ayaa lagu arkay suuqa.
Maaddaama wacyiga dadka ee ilaalinta deegaanka ay sii kordheyso, wax soo saarka bio-ku-saleysan waxay yeelan doonaan faa'iidooyin la taaban karo oo dhinacyada caafimaadka, cuntada iyo caafimaadka kuwaas oo si dhow ula xiriira nolosha aadanaha.
● Waddankeyga “Qorshaha Horumarinta Warshadaha Dharka (2016-2020)” iyo “Warshadaha Dharka “Qorshaha Shanta Sano ee Saddex iyo Tobnaad” Dulucda Horumarka Sayniska iyo Tignoolajiyada ayaa si cad u tilmaamay in jihada shaqada ee xigta ay tahay: in la horumariyo agabka fiber-ku-saleysan bio-ku-saleysan si loogu beddelo kheyraadka batroolka, si kor loogu qaado warshadeynta fiilooyinka bio-salaysan ee badda.
Waa maxay faybar-ku-salaysan bio?
Fiber-ku-salaysan bio-ku-salaysan waxa loola jeedaa fiilooyinka laga sameeyay noolaha laftooda ama waxa laga soosaaray. Tusaale ahaan, fiber polylactic acid (PLA fiber) waxa uu ka samaysan yahay istaarij ka kooban wax soo saarka beeraha sida galleyda, qamadiga, iyo dabocase sonkorta, iyo alginate fiber ka samaysan algae brown.
● Fiber-ku-salaysan noocaan oo kale kaliya maaha cagaar iyo deegaan ahaan, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay waxqabad aad u wanaagsan iyo qiimo dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan, sifooyinka farsamada, biodegradability, lebbiska, olol la'aanta, maqaarka u saaxiibka ah, bakteeriyada, iyo sifooyinka qoyaanka ee fiilooyinka PLA kama hooseeyaan kuwa fiilooyinka dhaqameed. Fiber Alginate waa walxo cayriin oo tayo sare leh oo loogu talagalay soo saarista dhaymo caafimaad oo heer sare ah, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay qiimo codsi gaar ah oo ku saabsan caafimaadka iyo caafimaadka. sida, waxaan haynaa wicitaan cusubmaqaar biobased/maqaar vegan ah.
Maxaad ugu tijaabinaysaa alaabooyinka ku salaysan bayoolaji?
Maaddaama macaamiishu ay si isa soo taraysa u door bidaan deegaan ahaan saaxiibtinimo, badbaado leh, waxsoosaarka cagaarka ah ee noolaha. Baahida loo qabo fiber-ku-saleysan noolaha ee suuqa dharka ayaa sii kordhaya maalinba maalinta ka dambeysa, waxaana lama huraan ah in la horumariyo alaabada adeegsata qayb sare oo ka mid ah agabka noolaha si loo hanto faa'iidada ugu horreysa ee suuqa. Alaabooyinka ku salaysan bio-ku-salaysan waxay u baahan yihiin nuxurka noole-ku-salaysan ee alaabta haddii ay tahay cilmi-baadhista iyo horumarinta, xakamaynta tayada ama heerarka iibka. Tijaabada biobased waxay caawin kartaa soosaarayaasha, qaybiyeyaasha ama iibiyeyaasha:
● R&D Badeecada: Tijaabada bio-ku-salaysan waxaa lagu fuliyaa habka horumarinta wax soo saarka bio-kusalaysan, kaas oo caddayn kara waxa ku jira sheyga si loo fududeeyo hagaajinta;
● Xakamaynta tayada: Inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka ee alaabooyinka ku salaysan noolaha, tijaabooyinka bio-based ayaa lagu samayn karaa alaabta ceeriin ee la keeno si si adag loo xakameeyo tayada alaabta ceeriin;
Kor-u-qaadista iyo suuq-geynta: Waxyaabaha ku-saleysan bio-ku-saleysan waxay noqon doonaan aalad suuq-geyneed oo aad u wanaagsan, taasoo ka caawin karta badeecadaha inay helaan kalsoonida macaamiisha oo ay ka faa'ideystaan fursadaha suuqa.
Sideen ku aqoonsan karaa waxa ku jira bayooloji? – Kaarboon 14 tijaabo
Tijaabada Kaarboon-14 waxay si wax ku ool ah u kala saari kartaa qaybaha ka soo jeeda bio-ku-salaysan iyo batroolka-kiimikada ee alaabta. Sababtoo ah noolaha casriga ah waxaa ku jira kaarboon 14 oo la mid ah kaarboonka 14 ee jawiga, halka alaabta ceeriin ee petrochemical aysan ku jirin wax kaarboon 14 ah.
Haddii natiijada shaybaarka-bayo-ku-saleysan ee alaabtu ay tahay 100% kaarboon-ku-saleysan bio-saleysan, waxay la macno tahay in badeecaddu 100%-ka-soo-saarka noolaha; haddii natiijada tijaabada alaabtu ay tahay 0%, waxay la macno tahay in alaabtu ay tahay dhammaan kiimikooyinka petrochemical; haddii natiijada baaritaanka ay tahay 50%, Waxay la macno tahay in 50% badeecada ay asal ahaan ka soo jeedaan bayooloji, 50% kaarboonkuna ay ka soo jeedaan petrochemical.
Heerarka tijaabada ee dharka waxaa ka mid ah heerka American ASTM D6866, heerka Yurub EN 16640, iwm.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-22-2022
