Wasakhowga warshadaha dharka
● Sun Ruizhe, madaxweynaha Golaha Qaranka ee Dharka iyo Dharka ee Shiinaha, ayaa mar ka sheegay Shir-madaxeedka Hal-abuurka Cimilada iyo Moodada sannadkii 2019 in warshadaha dharka iyo dharka ay noqdeen warshadaha labaad ee ugu badan adduunka ee wasakheeya wasakhda, marka laga reebo warshadaha saliidda;
● Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay Ururka Dhaqaalaha Wareega ah ee Shiinaha, qiyaastii 26 milyan oo tan oo dhar duug ah ayaa lagu tuuraa qashin-qubka dalkayga sannad kasta, tiradaasina waxay kor u kici doontaa 50 milyan oo tan ka dib 2030;
● Sida laga soo xigtay qiyaasta Golaha Qaranka ee Dharka iyo Dharka ee Shiinaha, dalkaygu wuxuu tuuraa qashinka dharka sannad kasta, oo u dhiganta 24 milyan oo tan oo saliid cayriin ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan dharka duugoobay wali waxaa lagu tuuraa qashin-qubka ama gubista, kuwaas oo labaduba sababi doona wasakheyn deegaan oo halis ah.
Xalalka dhibaatooyinka wasakhowga - fiilooyinka ku salaysan bayoolojiga
Faybaraha isku-dhafka ah ee dharka waxaa guud ahaan laga sameeyaa walxo cayriin ah oo batrool ah, sida fiilooyinka polyester (polyester), fiilooyinka polyamide (nylon ama nayloon), fiilooyinka polyacrylonitrile (fiilooyinka acrylic), iwm.
● Iyadoo ay sii kordhayso yaraanta kheyraadka saliidda iyo baraarujinta wacyiga dadka ee ku aaddan ilaalinta deegaanka. Dowladuhu waxay sidoo kale bilaabeen inay qaadaan tallaabooyin kala duwan si loo yareeyo isticmaalka kheyraadka saliidda loona helo kheyraad deegaanka u wanaagsan oo la cusboonaysiin karo oo lagu beddelo.
● Iyada oo ay saameeyeen yaraanta saliidda iyo dhibaatooyinka deegaanka, shirkadaha waaweyn ee soo saarista kiimikada ee dhaqameed sida Mareykanka, Midowga Yurub, iyo Japan ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah uga baxay soo saarista kiimikada ee caadiga ah, waxayna u jeesteen fiilooyinka ku salaysan bayoolojiga kuwaas oo faa'iido badan leh oo aan saameyn ku yeelan kheyraadka ama deegaanka.
Alaabada polyester-ka ku salaysan bio-based (PET/PEF) waxaa loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista fiilooyinka ku salaysan bio-based iyomaqaar bayooloji ku salaysan.
Warbixintii ugu dambeysay ee "Textile Herald" ee ku saabsan "Dib u eegista iyo Aragtida Tiknoolajiyadda Dharka Adduunka", waxaa lagu tilmaamay:
● PET-ka 100% ku salaysan bayoolojiga ayaa hormuud ka noqday soo galitaanka warshadaha cuntada, sida cabitaannada Coca-Cola, cuntada Heinz, iyo baakadaha alaabta nadiifinta, waxayna sidoo kale gashay alaabada fiber-ka ee noocyada isboortiga ee caanka ah sida Nike;
● Badeecadaha shaadhka PET ama shaadhka PEF ee ku salaysan bio ayaa suuqa lagu arkay.
Maadaama wacyiga dadku ee ilaalinta deegaanka uu sii kordhayo, badeecooyinka ku salaysan bayoolojiga waxay yeelan doonaan faa'iidooyin asal ah oo ku saabsan dhinacyada caafimaadka, cuntada iyo alaabada daryeelka caafimaadka ee si dhow ula xiriira nolosha aadanaha.
● "Qorshaha Horumarinta Warshadaha Dharka (2016-2020)" iyo "Warshadaha Dharka" Qorshaha Shanta Sano ee Saddex iyo Tobnaad" Dulucda Horumarka Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda ayaa si cad u tilmaamay in jihada shaqada ee xigta ay tahay: in la horumariyo agab cusub oo fiber ah oo ku salaysan bio si loogu beddelo kheyraadka batroolka, si loo horumariyo Warshadaha fiilooyinka bayoolojiga ku salaysan badda.
Waa maxay fiber-ka ku salaysan bio?
● Faybarro ku salaysan bayooloji waxay tilmaamayaan fiilooyin laga sameeyay noolaha laftooda ama soosaarkooda. Tusaale ahaan, fiilooyinka polylactic acid (fiber PLA) waxaa laga sameeyay wax soo saarka beeraha ee istaarijka ku jira sida galleyda, qamadiga, iyo xididka sonkorta, fiilooyinka alginate-na waxaa laga sameeyay algae bunni ah.
● Noocan fiber-ka ku salaysan bio-ku-saleysan ma aha oo kaliya cagaar iyo deegaan u fiican, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu leeyahay waxqabad aad u wanaagsan iyo qiimo dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan, sifooyinka farsamada, bayoolaji-xumida, xirashada, aan guban karin, sifooyinka maqaarka u roon, bakteeriyada dila, iyo qoyaanka ee fiilooyinka PLA ma ahan kuwo ka liita kuwa fiilooyinka dhaqameed. Faybarka Alginate waa walxo ceeriin ah oo tayo sare leh oo loogu talagalay soo saarista dharka caafimaadka ee aadka u hygroscopic, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay qiimo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay caafimaadka iyo caafimaadka. Sida, waxaan haynaa wicitaan cusub oo agab ah.maqaar/maqaar vegan ah oo bayooloji ku salaysan.
Maxaa loo tijaabiyaa badeecadaha si loo helo macluumaad ku salaysan bayooloji?
Maadaama macaamiishu ay si isa soo taraysa u doorbidaan alaabada cagaaran ee deegaanka u fiican, badbaadada leh, ee laga helo bio-sources. Baahida loo qabo fiilooyinka ku salaysan bio ee suuqa dharka ayaa sii kordheysa maalinba maalinta ka dambeysa, waana lama huraan in la sameeyo alaabada adeegsata tiro badan oo ah agab ku salaysan bio si loo helo faa'iidada ugu horreysa ee suuqa. Badeecadaha ku salaysan bio waxay u baahan yihiin waxyaabaha ku salaysan bio ee badeecada ha ahaato cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta, xakamaynta tayada ama marxaladaha iibka. Tijaabada bayoolojiga waxay ka caawin kartaa soosaarayaasha, qaybiyeyaasha ama iibiyayaasha:
● Baaritaanka iyo Horumarinta Badeecadaha: Tijaabada ku salaysan bayoolojiga waxaa lagu sameeyaa habka horumarinta badeecooyinka ku salaysan bayoolojiga, taas oo caddayn karta waxyaabaha ku salaysan bayoolojiga ee ku jira badeecada si loo fududeeyo horumarinta;
● Xakamaynta tayada: Inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka ee alaabada ku salaysan bayoolajiga, tijaabooyin ku salaysan bayoolajiga ayaa lagu samayn karaa agabka ceeriin ee la keenay si si adag loogu xakameeyo tayada alaabta ceeriin ee alaabta;
● Dhiirrigelinta iyo suuqgeynta: Mawduucyada ku salaysan bayoolajiga waxay noqon doonaan qalab suuqgeyn oo aad u wanaagsan, kaas oo ka caawin kara alaabtu inay helaan kalsoonida macaamiisha iyo inay ka faa'iidaystaan fursadaha suuqa.
Sideen ku aqoonsan karaa waxa ku jira bayoolojiga ku salaysan badeecada? - Tijaabada Kaarboon 14
Tijaabada Kaarboon-14 waxay si wax ku ool ah u kala saari kartaa qaybaha ku salaysan bayoolojiga iyo kuwa ka soo baxa batroolka ee ku jira badeecad. Sababtoo ah noolaha casriga ah waxay ka kooban yihiin kaarboon 14 oo la mid ah kaarboon 14 ee ku jira jawiga, halka walxaha cayriin ee batroolka aysan ku jirin wax kaarboon 14 ah.
Haddii natiijada tijaabada ku salaysan bayoolajiga ee badeecadu ay tahay 100% kaarboon ku salaysan bayoolajiga, waxay la macno tahay in badeecadu ay tahay 100% kaarboon ku salaysan bayoolajiga; haddii natiijada tijaabada ee badeecaddu tahay 0%, waxay la macno tahay in badeecaddu ay tahay bayoolajiga; haddii natiijada tijaabada ay tahay 50%, waxay la macno tahay in 50% badeecaddu ay tahay asal bayoolajiga ah iyo 50% kaarboonku ay tahay asal bayoolajiga ah.
Heerarka tijaabada ee dharka waxaa ka mid ah heerka Mareykanka ee ASTM D6866, heerka Yurub ee EN 16640, iwm.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-22-2022
